2016 INFORMS Annual Meeting Program

SC22

INFORMS Nashville – 2016

SC23

3 - Social Desirability Bias In Self-reported Compliance With Hand-hygiene Regulations Reidar Hagtvedt, University of Alberta School of Business, 2-43

108-MCC Risk Management in Global Food Supply Chains Sponsored: Health Applications Sponsored Session Chair: Retsef Levi, MIT, 100 Main Street, Building E62-562, Cambridge, MA, 02142, United States, retsef@mit.edu 1 - A Data-Driven Approach To Managing Food Safety In Global Supply Chains Amine Anoun, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, aanoun@mit.edu Economically motivated adulteration poses a serious threat to public health. Prevention is achieved by sampling food shipments. However, the sampling resources are limited. In an effort to mitigate risk in the shipping supply chains, we develop a data-driven approach to identify risky manufacturers. We obtained over 850,000 shipment records of shrimp to the U.S. from the FDA. We determine structural features of shipping supply chains that correlate with risk of adulteration, at the global scale and in China. We use a Bayesian approach to model both the risk of adulteration, and the sampling procedure of the FDA, and show that our model predicts high risk manufacturers with high accuracy. 2 - Economically Motivated Adulteration In Agriculture Supply Chains Somya Singhvi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, ssinghvi@mit.edu, Retsef Levi, Yanchong Zheng We study how dispersion and quality uncertainty affect adulteration risk in agriculture supply chains. Our model captures the effects of testing accuracy and traceability on adulteration decisions by suppliers. We characterize conditions under which adulteration risk increases with dispersion or quality uncertainty. Further, we also analyze quality assurance policies for manufacturers in the presence of a risk threshold. 3 - The Role Of Farming Supply Chain Structure In Driving Economically Motivated Food Adulteration Shujing Wang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology-ORC, shujing@mit.edu We investigate how the structure of farming supply chains and regulatory measures are correlated with the risk of economically motivated adulteration of food products.We define the dispersion of a farming supply chain, which measures how distributed a food manufacturer’s farming sources are. We collect farm-level data on over 1,000 Chinese manufacturers in the honey, pork, poultry, egg, and seafood industries to quantify the dispersion of their farming supply chains. Combining farm-level data and quality data, we show that a more dispersed farming supply chain is more prone to the risk of economically motivated adulteration.

Business Building, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R6, Canada, hagtvedt@ualberta.ca, Kenneth L. Schultz, Sarah Forgie

We posit Social Desirability Bias (SDB) as an explanation for why self-reported compliance with hand-hygiene (HH) regulations is so much higher than observed compliance. SDB breaks down into self-deception and image management. Using data gathered at a large teaching hospital over six years, we first show that in spite of the two measures being nearly uncorrelated, respondents do know something of their own compliance rate, and secondly, that image-management is a greater effect than self-deception. 4 - Reducing Surgical-site Infections For Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients Eva Lee, Georgia Tech, evakylee@isye.gatech.edu This is joint with Grady Health Systems. A system-approach is designed to reduce surgical site infection (SSI) which takes into account the inter-dependency of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative processes. A decision tree model and a simulation-optimization model are developed to identify critical infection factors. Changes involve pre-op sterilization, nasal cleaning, hair-clipping, and optimized antibiotics prophylaxis timing and dosage. E-alerts are also implemented for compliance. The hospital realized a drop of 65% in SSI (from 23% to 8%) in the first six months. It achieved zero percentage thereafter and sustained that rate for 18 months. SC22 107B-MCC Joint Panel Session: ORHP/HAS/MSOM-Hlth: Challenges and Lessons Learned from Influencing National Policy Change in Organ Transplant Invited: ORinformed Healthcare Policies Invited Session Moderator: Sanjay Mehrotra, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan, Evanston, IL, 60208, United States, mehrotra@iems.northwestern.edu 1 - Challenges And Lessons Learned From Influencing National Policy Change In Organ Transplant Sanjay Mehrotra, Northwestern, mehrotra@northwestern.edu Policy changes are being debated nationally to reduce disparity and improve efficiency in organ allocation. These issues are contentious within the transplant community as such policy changes impact patient lives lost and finances at the regional and national level. Operations research models have been used to help arrive at recommendations in the past, but get questioned. This session will focus on lesson learned from discussions with the transplant community that would be helpful for policy related research in other areas of work in healthcare. The panelists have worked closely with the transplant community as joint researchers, advisors and reviewers of proposed changes. 2 - Panelist Andrew J Schaefer, Rice University, andrew.schaefer@rice.edu 3 - Panelist Sommer Gentry, US Naval Academy, gentry@usna.edu 4 - Panelist Baris Ata, Northwestern University, a, Evanston, IL, 1, United States, baris.ata@chicagobooth.edu 5 - Panelist Tim L. Pruett, American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS), Arlington, VA, 22202, United States, tlpruett@umn.edu 6 - Panelist Yolanda Becker, United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS), Chicago, IL, United States, ybecker@surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu

SC24

109-MCC Dynamics of Competition Invited: Strategy Science Invited Session

Chair: Daniel Levinthal, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States, dlev@wharton.upenn.edu 1 - Changes In Persistence Of Performance Over Time Claudine Gartenberg, New York University, Stern Business School, New York, NY, 1, United States, cgartenb@stern.nyu.edu Victor Bennett One of the central puzzles of strategy is the persistence of superior performance. About a decade ago a stream of research emerged looking at changing persistence over time and finding a trend toward a new “age of temporary advantage”. We extend the time series from these analyses and introduce new tools from the literatures on social mobility and economic growth. We find that the trend reversed itself and the beginning of the 21st century has been characterized by increasing persistence of superior performance. This trend is not due to changes in industry composition or newly public listings. Instead we report this reversal both within and across industries and primarily within established firms.

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